Today is the happy occasion of the 54th anniversary of the Maldivian Republic. The republic system is the political system in which the people's approval is needed to rule. The first Maldivian republic was born on January 1, 1953. The first president was Mohamed Amin Didi. The first republic lasted only 7 months and 21 days. On March 7, 1954, Maldives returned again to a sultanate.
According to Maldivian historical documents, the second republic was born on November 11, 1968. The first president of the second republic, with the popular vote of the Parliament and the people, was then prime minister Ibrahim Nasir. Nasir was the president from November 11, 1968, to November 11, 1978, for a ten-year period.
During Nasir's presidency, there were various attempts at overthrowing him. Notable among them are the "Big Thursday" incident on June 13, 1974, and the "Black Thursday" incident on March 6, 1975.
The second president of the second republic was Maumoon Abdul Gayoom. Maumoon became president after being voted by the Parliament while he was the Transport Minister in Nasir's cabinet. He got 92.9% of the votes. The president who ruled for 30 years was sworn in on November 11, 1978.
There were attempts at overthrowing Maumoon too. As seen in historical documents, there were attempts in 1980 and 1983. And on November 3, 1988, with the terrorist attack, Maldives saw the darkest day in its recent history.
After 30 years, Maumoon's presidency ended when he lost the first multiparty presidential election in the Maldives which was held under the new constitution. Maumoon was the president from November 11, 1978, to November 10, 2008.
The one who became the third president of the second republic after winning the second round of the first Maldivian multiparty presidential election was Mohamed Nasheed. He became president on November 11, 2008. During his presidency, the free healthcare program "Aasandha" was established, and work on connecting the islands with a transportation system started. And local councils in the islands were established too.
After about 3 years (1183 days), due to the pressure faced in the political climate then, Mohamed Nasheed resigned on February 7, 2012.
After Nasheed's resignation, the remainder of his term was completed by his vice president Dr. Waheed Hassan Manik. Dr. Waheed was sworn in on February 7, 2012, as the fourth president of the second republic. He started an official investigation into whether his predecessor's presidency was overthrown in a coup. however the result of the investigation, the CONI report, concluded that there was no coup. Nasheed himself had said he accepted that report.
President Waheed ruled from February 7, 2012, to November 16, 2013. Since no one had been elected when his term ended on November 11, Dr. Waheed remained as president til November 16. The tradition of swearing in the president on November 11 ended when the results of the first round of the presidential election of 2013 were annulled by the Supreme Court, resulting in a re-run of the first round.
After Dr. Waheed's presidency, on November 17, Abdulla Yameen Abdul Gayoom swore in as the fifth president of the second republic. Yameen is the half-brother of the second president of the second republic, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom. During his presidency, big infrastructure projects were started. Among them, Maldives-China Friendship Bridge, Dharumavantha Hospital, Hulhumale' Phase II, and the Hiyaa housing project are notable.
Even during Yameen's presidency, various obstacles were faced. Notable among them are the presidential speedboat explosion, the ruling party PPM getting divided, and the Supreme Court order of February 1. Yameen stepped down on November 16, 2018, after the end of his term. Yameen challenged the results of the 2018 presidential election in the Supreme Court but the court made the decision that the results were not tampered with.
The only person to win a presidential election in one round under the current constitution is the sixth president of the second republic, President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih. President Solih is working on providing all the islands with a clean water supply and sewerage systems, and connecting all islands with a high-speed ferry system.
In addition to this, infrastructure, healthcare, social, sports and housing development projects without neglecting any island, Thila-Male' or Greater Male' Connectivity Bridge project, and housing projects in Male' are notable.
According to Maldivian historical documents, the second republic was born on November 11, 1968. The first president of the second republic, with the popular vote of the Parliament and the people, was then prime minister Ibrahim Nasir. Nasir was the president from November 11, 1968, to November 11, 1978, for a ten-year period.
During Nasir's presidency, there were various attempts at overthrowing him. Notable among them are the "Big Thursday" incident on June 13, 1974, and the "Black Thursday" incident on March 6, 1975.
The second president of the second republic was Maumoon Abdul Gayoom. Maumoon became president after being voted by the Parliament while he was the Transport Minister in Nasir's cabinet. He got 92.9% of the votes. The president who ruled for 30 years was sworn in on November 11, 1978.
There were attempts at overthrowing Maumoon too. As seen in historical documents, there were attempts in 1980 and 1983. And on November 3, 1988, with the terrorist attack, Maldives saw the darkest day in its recent history.
After 30 years, Maumoon's presidency ended when he lost the first multiparty presidential election in the Maldives which was held under the new constitution. Maumoon was the president from November 11, 1978, to November 10, 2008.
The one who became the third president of the second republic after winning the second round of the first Maldivian multiparty presidential election was Mohamed Nasheed. He became president on November 11, 2008. During his presidency, the free healthcare program "Aasandha" was established, and work on connecting the islands with a transportation system started. And local councils in the islands were established too.
After about 3 years (1183 days), due to the pressure faced in the political climate then, Mohamed Nasheed resigned on February 7, 2012.
After Nasheed's resignation, the remainder of his term was completed by his vice president Dr. Waheed Hassan Manik. Dr. Waheed was sworn in on February 7, 2012, as the fourth president of the second republic. He started an official investigation into whether his predecessor's presidency was overthrown in a coup. however the result of the investigation, the CONI report, concluded that there was no coup. Nasheed himself had said he accepted that report.
President Waheed ruled from February 7, 2012, to November 16, 2013. Since no one had been elected when his term ended on November 11, Dr. Waheed remained as president til November 16. The tradition of swearing in the president on November 11 ended when the results of the first round of the presidential election of 2013 were annulled by the Supreme Court, resulting in a re-run of the first round.
After Dr. Waheed's presidency, on November 17, Abdulla Yameen Abdul Gayoom swore in as the fifth president of the second republic. Yameen is the half-brother of the second president of the second republic, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom. During his presidency, big infrastructure projects were started. Among them, Maldives-China Friendship Bridge, Dharumavantha Hospital, Hulhumale' Phase II, and the Hiyaa housing project are notable.
Even during Yameen's presidency, various obstacles were faced. Notable among them are the presidential speedboat explosion, the ruling party PPM getting divided, and the Supreme Court order of February 1. Yameen stepped down on November 16, 2018, after the end of his term. Yameen challenged the results of the 2018 presidential election in the Supreme Court but the court made the decision that the results were not tampered with.
The only person to win a presidential election in one round under the current constitution is the sixth president of the second republic, President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih. President Solih is working on providing all the islands with a clean water supply and sewerage systems, and connecting all islands with a high-speed ferry system.
In addition to this, infrastructure, healthcare, social, sports and housing development projects without neglecting any island, Thila-Male' or Greater Male' Connectivity Bridge project, and housing projects in Male' are notable.
